Buteyko Breath Therapy

Home     Education     Learning    Practice     Books     Video&DVD     Map

By Dr. Artour Rakhimov, Buteyko breathing teacher and educator

 

Breathing education

Western references

 

Ahrens T, Schallom L, Bettorf K, Ellner S, Hurt G, O'Mara V, Ludwig J, George W, Marino T, Shannon W., End-tidal carbon dioxide measurements as a prognostic indicator of outcome in cardiac arrest. Am J Crit Care 2001 Nov; 10(6): 391-398.
 
Asmundson GJ & Stein MB, Triggering the false suffocation alarm in panic disorder patients by using a voluntary breath-holding procedure, Am J Psychiatry 1994 Feb; 151(2): 264-266.
 
Baddeley H, Brodrick PM, Taylor NJ, Abdelatti MO, Jordan LC, Vasudevan AS, Phillips H, Saunders MI, Hoskin PJ, Gas exchange parameters in radiotherapy patients during breathing of 2%, 3.5% and 5% carbogen gas mixtures, Br J Radiol 2000 Oct; 73(874): 1100-1104.
 
Balestrino M, Somjen GG, Concentration of carbon dioxide, interstitial pH and synaptic transmission in hippocampal formation of the rat, J Physiol 1988, 396: 247-266.
 
Bass C, The hyperventilation syndrome, Respiratory Diseases in Practice 1990 Oct/Nov: 13-16.
 
Bazelmans E, Bleijenberg G, Van Der Meer JW, Folgering H, Is physical deconditioning a perpetuating factor in chronic fatigue syndrome? A controlled study on maximal exercise performance and relations with fatigue, impairment and physical activity, Psychol Med 2001 Jan; 31(1): 107-114.
 
Bell SC, Saunders MJ, Elborn JS, Shale DJ, Resting energy expenditure and oxygen cost of breathing in patients with cystic fibrosis, Thorax 1996 Feb; 51(2): 126-131.
 
Bohr C, Hasselbach KA, Krogh A, Scand Arch Physiol 1904; 16: 402.
 
Bowler SD, Green A, Mitchell CA, Buteyko breathing techniques in asthma: a blinded randomised controlled trial, Med J of Australia 1998; 169: 575-578.
 
Brasher RE, Hyperventilation syndrome, Lung 1983; 161: 257-273.
 
Brigham KL, Role of free radicals in lung injury, Chest 1986 Jun; 89(6): 859-863.
 
Brizel DM, Scully SP, Harrelson JM, Layfield LJ, Bean JM, Prosnitz LR, Dewhirst MW, Tumor oxygenation predicts for the likelihood of distant metastases in human soft tissue sarcoma, Cancer Reserach 1996, 56: 41-943.
 
Brown EB, Physiological effects of hyperventilation, Physiol Reviews 1953 Oct, 33 (4): 445-471.
 
Buteyko KP, Carbon dioxide theory and a new method of treatment and prevention of diseases of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and some other diseases [in Russian], Public lecture for Soviet scientists at the Moscow State University, 9 December 1969, published in the Soviet national journal Science and life, Moscow, issue 11, October 1977.
 
Buteyko KP, Russian national newspaper “Komsomol’skaya pravda” [“Komsomol’s Truth”] 29 October 1997, The direct telephone line of readers with medical doctor K. P. Buteyko.
 
Cantineau JP, Lambert Y, Merckx P, Reynaud P, Porte F, Bertrand C, Duvaldestin P, End-tidal carbon dioxide during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans presenting mostly with asystole: a predictor of outcome, Crit Care Med 1996 May; 24(5): 791-796.
 
Carryer HM, Hyperventilation syndrome, Med Clin North Amer 1947, 31: 845.
 
Chaplin DJ, Durand RE, Olive PL, Acute hypoxia in tumors: implications for modifiers of radiation effects, International Journal of Radiation, Oncology, Biology, Physics 1986 August; 12(8): p. 1279-1282.
 
Clark AL, Chua TP, Coats AJ, Anatomical dead space, ventilatory pattern, and exercise capacity in chronic heart failure, Br Heart J 1995 Oct; 74(4): 377-380.
 
Clark DM, Hemsley DR, The effects of hyperventilation; individual variability and its relation to personality, J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 1982 Mar; 13(1): 41-47.
 
Cluff RA, Chronic Hyperventilation and its treatment by physiotherapy: discussion paper, J of the Royal Soc of Med 1984 Sep; 77: 855-861.
 
Coenen AM, Drinkenburg WH, Hoenderken R, van Luijtelaar EL, Carbon dioxide euthanasia in rats: oxygen supplementation minimizes signs of agitation and asphyxia, Lab Anim 1995 Jul; 29(3): 262-268.
 
DaCosta JM, On irritable heart: a clinical study of a form of functional cardiac disorder and its consequences , Am J Med Sci 1871; 61: 17-53.
 
Davidson JT, Whipp BJ, Wasserman K, Koyal SN, Lugliani R, Role of the carotid bodies in breath-holding, New England Journal of Medicine 1974 April 11; 290(15): p. 819-822.
 
Demeter SL, Cordasco EM, Hyperventilation syndrome and asthma , Am J of Med 1986 Dec; 81: 989-994.
 
Denko NC, Fontana LA, Hudson KM, Sutphin PD, Raychaudhuri S, Altman R, Giaccia AJ, Investigating hypoxic tumor physiology through gene expression patterns, Oncogene 2003 September 1; 22(37): p. 5907-5914.
 
Dimopoulou I, Tsintzas OK, Alivizatos PA, Tzelepis GE, Pattern of breathing during progressive exercise in chronic heart failure, Int J Cardiol. 2001 Dec; 81(2-3): 117-121.
 
Douglas CG, Haldane JS, The regulation of normal breathing, Journal of Physiology 1909; 38: p. 420–440.
 
Esquivel E, Chaussain M, Plouin P, Ponsot G, Arthuis M, Physical exercise and voluntary hyperventilation in childhood absence epilepsy, Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991 Aug; 79(2): 127-132.
 
Evans SM & Koch CJ, Prognostic significance of tumor oxygenation in humans, Cancer Letters 2003 May 30; 195(1): p. 1-16.
 
Ferris EB, Engel GL, Stevens CD, Webb J, Voluntary breathholding, III. The relation of the maximum time of breathholding to the oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions of arterial blood, with a note on its clinical and physiological significance, J Clin Invest 1946, 25: 734-743.
 
Flack M, Some simple tests of physical efficiency, Lancet 1920; 196: 210-212.
 
Flume PA, Eldridge FL, Edwards LJ, Mattison LE, Relief of the 'air hunger' of breathholding. A role for pulmonary stretch receptors, Respir Physiol 1996 Mar; 103(3): 221-232.
 
Ford MJ, Camilleri MJ, Hanson RB, Wiste JA, Joyner MJ, Hyperventilation, central autonomic control, and colonic tone in humans, Gut 1995 Oct; 37(4): p. 499-504.
 
Fried R, Fox MC, Carlton RM, Effect of diaphragmatic respiration with end-tidal CO2 biofeedback on respiration, EEG, and seizure frequency in idiopathic epilepsy, Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 1990; 602: p. 67-96.
 
Friedman M, Studies concerning the aetiology and pathogenesis of neurocirculatory asthenia III. The cardiovascular manifestations of neurocirculatory asthenia, Am Heart J 1945; 30, 378-391.
 
Ganong WF, Review of medical physiology, 15-th ed., 1995, Prentice Hall Int., London.
 
Gay SB, Sistrom C1L, Holder CA, Suratt PM, Breath-holding capability of adults. Implications for spiral computed tomography, fast-acquisition magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography, Invest Radiol 1994 Sep; 29(9): 848-51.
 
Gilmour DG, Douglas IH, Aitkenhead AR, Hothersall AP, Horton PW, Ledingham IM, Colon blood flow in the dog: effects of changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension, Cardiovasc Res 1980 Jan; 14(1): 11-20.
 
Guyton AC, Physiology of the human body, 6-th ed., 1984, Suanders College Publ., Philadelphia.
 
Harris AL, Hypoxia: a key regulatory factor in tumour growth, National Review in Cancer 2002 January; 2(1): p. 38-47.
 
Hashimoto K, Okazaki K, Okutsu Y, The effects of hypocapnia and hypercapnia on tissue surface PO2 in hemorrhaged dogs [Article in Japanese], Masui 1989 Oct; 38(10): 1271-1274.
 
Hasselbalch, Biochem Zeitschr, 1912, XLVI, p. 416.
 
Henderson Y, Acapnia and shock. - I. Carbon dioxide as a factor in the regulation of the heart rate, American Journal of Physiology 1908, 21: p. 126-156.
 
Henderson Y, Carbon dioxide, in Cyclopedia of Medicine, ed. by HH Young, Philadelphia, FA Davis, 1940.
 
Herxheimer H, Hyperventilation asthma, Lancet 1946, 6385: 83-87.
 
Herxheimer H, The late bronchial reaction in induced asthma, Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1952; 3: 323-328.
 
Hibbert GA, Pilsbury DJ, Demonstration and Treatment of Hyperventilation Causing Asthma, British J of Psychiatry 1988, 153: 687-689.
 
Holt PE, Andrews G, Provocation of panic: three elements of the panic reaction in four anxiety disorders, Behav Res Ther 1989; 27(3): 253-261.
 
Huang CT, Cook AW, Lyons HA, Severe cranio cerebral trauma and respiratory abnormalities, Arch Neurol 1963, 9: 545-554.
 
Hudlicka O, Muscle blood flow, 1973, Swets&Zeitlinger, Amsterdam.
 
Hughes RL, Mathie RT, Fitch W, Campbell D, Liver blood flow and oxygen consumption during hypocapnia and IPPV in the greyhound, J Appl Physiol. 1979 Aug; 47(2): 290-295.
 
Hurewitz AN, Sampson MG, Voluntary breath holding in the obese, J Appl Physiol 1987 Jun; 62(6): 2371-2376.
 
Huttunen J, Tolvanen H, Heinonen E, Voipio J, Wikstrom H, Ilmoniemi RJ, Hari R, Kaila K, Effects of voluntary hyperventilation on cortical sensory responses. Electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic studies, Exp Brain Res 1999, 125(3): 248-254.
 
Johnson BD, Scanlon PD, Beck KC, Regulation of ventilatory capacity during exercise in asthmatics, J Appl Physiol. 1995 Sep; 79(3): 892-901.
 
Johnson BD, Beck KC, Olson LJ, O'Malley KA, Allison TG, Squires RW, Gau GT, Ventilatory constraints during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure, Chest 2000 Feb; 117(2): 321-332.
 
Kahaly GJ, Nieswandt J, Wagner S, Schlegel J, Mohr-Kahaly S, Hommel G, Ineffective cardiorespiratory function in hyperthyroidism, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998 Nov; 83(11): 4075-4078.
 
Katoch K, Autonomic nerve affection in leprosy, Indian J Lepr 1996 Jan-Mar; 68(1): 49-54.
 
Kazarinov VA, Buteyko Method: The experience of implementation in medical practice , The biochemical basis of KP Buteyko's theory of the diseases of deep respiration [in Russian], in Buteyko method. Its application in medical practice, ed. by K.P. Buteyko, 1991, 2-nd edition, Titul, Odessa, p. 198-218. [Available at: http://members.westnet.com.au/pkolb/biochem.htm].
 
Kendrick AH, Rozkovec A, Papouchado M, West J, Laszlo G, Single-breath breath-holding estimate of pulmonary blood flow in man: comparison with direct Fick cardiac output, Clin Sci (London) 1989 Jun; 76(6): 673-676.
 
Kerr JS, Chae CU, Nagase H, Berg RA, Riley DJ, Degradation of collagen in lung tissue slices exposed to hyperoxia, Am Rev Respir Dis 1987 Jun; 135(6): 1334-1339.
 
Kohn RM & Cutcher B, Breath-holding time in the screening for rehabilitation potential of cardiac patients, Scand J Rehabil Med 1970; 2(2): 105-107.
 
Krnjevic K, Randic M and Siesjo B, Cortical CO2 tension and neuronal excitability, J of Physiol 1965, 176: 105-122.
 
Kunz M & Ibrahim SM, Molecular responses to hypoxia in tumor cells, Molecular Cancer 2003; 2: p. 23-31.
Junod AF, Data on oxidants and antioxidants, Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1986 Jan-Feb; 22(1): 253s-255s.
 
Lavrent'ev MM, Averko NN, Eganova IA, Hyperventilation as a fundamental stimulator of pathological processes [in Russian], Dokl Akad Nauk 1993 Apr; 329(4): 512-514.
 
Leach RM, Treacher DF, ABC of oxygen, Oxygen transport, 2. Tissue hypoxia (Clinical review), BMJ 1998; 317: 1370-1373 (14 November).
 
Ley R, The modification of breathing behavior. Pavlovian and operant control in emotion and cognition, Behav Modif 1999, Jul; 23(3): 441-79.
 
Lum LC, Hyperventilation: The tip and the iceberg, J Psychosom Res 1975; 19: 375-383.
 
Magarian GJ, Hyperventilation syndrome: infrequently recognized common expressions of anxiety and stress, Medicine 1982; 61: 219-236.
 
Magarian GJ, Middaugh DA, Linz DH, Hyperventilation syndrome: a diagnosis begging for recognition, West J Med 1983; 38: 733-736.
 
Maina JN, The gas exchangers: structure, function, and evolution of the respiratory processes, 1998, Springer, Berlin & New York.
 
Marks B, Mitchell DG, Simelaro JP, Breath-holding in healthy and pulmonary-compromised populations: effects of hyperventilation and oxygen inspiration, J Magn Reson Imaging 1997 May-Jun; 7(3): 595-597.
 
Mazarra JT, Ayres SM, Grace WJ, Extreme hypocapnia in the critically ill patient, Amer J Med Apr 1974, 56: 450-456.
 
McFadden ER & Lyons HA, Arterial-blood gases in asthma, The New Engl J of Med 1968 May 9, 278 (19): 1027-1032.
 
McNally RJ & Eke M, Anxiety sensitivity, suffocation fear, and breath-holding duration as predictors of response to carbon dioxide challenge, J Abnorm Psychol 1996 Feb; 105(1): 146-149.
 
Mirsky I A, Lipman E, Grinker R R, Breath-holding time in anxiety state, Federation proceedings 1946; 5: 74.
 
Mithoefer JC, Breath holding. In: Handbook of physiology, Respiration, Washington, DC: American Physiological Society, 1965, sect. 3, vol. 2, chapt. 38: 1011-1026.
 
Mojsoski N, Pavicic F, Study of bronchial reactivity using dry, cold air and eucapnic hyperventilation [in Serbo-Croatian], Plucne Bolesti 1990 Jan-Jun; 42(1-2): 38-42.
 
Mora JD, Grant L, Kenyon P, Patel MK, Jenner FA, Respiratory ventilation and carbon dioxide levels in syndromes of depression, Br J Psychiatry 1976 Nov, 129: 457-464.
 
Morgan WP, Hyperventilation syndrome: a review, Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1983; 44(9): 685-689.
 
Nakao K, Ohgushi M, Yoshimura M, Morooka K, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Kugiyama K, Oike Y, Fujimoto K, Yasue H, Hyperventilation as a specific test for diagnosis of coronary artery spasm. Am J Cardiol 1997 Sep 1; 80(5): 545-9.
 
Nardi AE, Valenca AM, Nascimento I, Mezzasalma MA, Lopes FL, Zin WA, Hyperventilation in panic disorder patients and healthy first-degree relatives, Braz J Med Biol Res 2000 Nov; 33(11): 1317-1323.
 
Nevarez-Najera A, Hernández-Campos S, Rodríguez-Morán M, Guerrero-Romero F, Estimating forced expiratory volume in one second based on breath holding in healthy subjects [Article in Spanish], Arch Bronconeumol. 2000 Apr; 36(4): 197-200.
 
Newton E, Hyperventilation Syndrome 2004 June 17, Topic 270, p. 1-7 (www.emedicine.com).
 
Nishino T, Sugimori K, Ishikawa T, Changes in the period of no respiratory sensation and total breath-holding time in successive breath-holding trials, Clin Sci (Lond). 1996 Dec; 91(6): 755-761.
 
Nixon PGF, Hyperventilation and cardiac symptoms, Internal Medicine 1989 Dec; 10(12): 67-84.
 
Okazaki K, Okutsu Y, Fukunaga A, Effect of carbon dioxide (hypocapnia and hypercapnia) on tissue blood flow and oxygenation of liver, kidneys and skeletal muscle in the dog, Masui 1989 Apr, 38 (4): 457-464.
 
Okazaki K, Hashimoto K, Okutsu Y, Okumura F, Effect of arterial carbon dioxide tension on regional myocardial tissue oxygen tension in the dog [Article in Japanese], Masui 1991 Nov; 40(11): 1620-1624.
 
Paulley JW, Hyperventilation, Recenti Prog Med 1990 Sep; 81(9): 594-600.
 
Paton WDN, Is CO2 euthanasia humane? Nature 1983, 305: 268.
 
Perez-Padilla R, Cervantes D, Chapela R, Selman M, Rating of breathlessness at rest during acute asthma: correlation with spirometry and usefulness of breath-holding time, Rev Invest Clin 1989 Jul-Sep; 41(3): 209-213.
 
Plum F, Hyperpnea, hyperventilation and brain dysfunction, Annals of Intern Med 1972, 76: 328.
 
Posniak HV, Olson MC, Demos TC, Pierce KL, Kalbhen CL, CT of the chest and abdomen in patients on mechanical pulmonary ventilators: quality of images made at 0.6 vs 1.0 sec, Am J Roentgenol 1994 Nov; 163(5): 1073-1077.
 
Powell ME, Hill SA, Saunders MI, Hoskin PJ, Chaplin DJ, Human tumour blood flow is enhanced by nicotinamide and carbogen breathing, Cancer Res 1997 Dec 1; 57(23): 5261-5264.
 
Powell ME, Collingridge DR, Saunders MI, Hoskin PJ, Hill SA, Chaplin DJ, Improvement in human tumour oxygenation with carbogen of varying carbon dioxide concentrations, Radiother Oncol 1999 Feb; 50(2): 167-171.
 
Respiration and Circulation, ed. by P.L. Altman & D.S. Dittmer, 1971, Bethesda, Maryland (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology).
 
Rockwell S, Oxygen delivery: implications for the biology and therapy of solid tumors, Oncology Research 1997; 9(6-7): p. 383-390.
 
Rosen SD, King JC, Wilkinson JB, Nixon PG, Is chronic fatigue syndrome synonymous with effort syndrome? J R Soc Med 1990 Dec; 83(12): 761-764.
 
Rout MW, Lane DJ, Wolliner L, Prognosis in acute cerebrovascular accidents in relation to respiratory pattern and blood gas tension, Br Med J 1971, 3: 7-9.
 
Ryan H, Lo J, Johnson RS, The hypoxia inducible factor-1 gene is required for embryogenesis and solid tumor formation, EMBO Journal 1998, 17: p. 3005-3015.
 
Ryan HE, Poloni M, McNulty W, Elson D, Gassmann M, Arbeit JM, Johnson RS, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 is a positive factor in solid tumor growth, Cancer Res, August 1, 2000; 60(15): p. 4010 - 4015.
 
Salen P, O'Connor R, Sierzenski P, Passarello B, Pancu D, Melanson S, Arcona S, Reed J, Heller M, Can cardiac sonography and capnography be used independently and in combination to predict resuscitation outcomes? Acad Emerg Med 2001 Jun; 8(6): 610-615.
 
Santiago TV & Edelman NH, Brain blood flow and control of breathing, in Handbook of Physiology, Section 3: The respiratory system, vol. II, ed. by AP Fishman. American Physiological Society, Betheda, Maryland, 1986, p. 163-179.
 
Sanya AO, Adesina AT, Relationship between estimated body fat and some respiratory function indices, Cent Afr J Med. 1998 Oct; 44(10): 254-258.
 
Schmaltz C, Hardenbergh PH, Wells A, Fisher DE, Regulation of proliferation-survival decisions during tumor cell hypoxia, Molecular and Cellular Biology 1998 May, 18(5): p. 2845-2854.
 
Severinghaus JW, Blood gas concentations. In: Handbook of physiology, Respiration, Washington, DC: American Physiological Society, 1965, sect. 3, vol. 2, chapt. 61, 1475-1487.
 
Sher TH, Recurrent chest tightness in a 28-year-old woman, Annals of allergy 1991 Sep; 67: 310-314.
 
Simmons DH, Nicoloff J, Guze LB, Hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis as signs of gram-negative bacteremia, J Amer Med Assoc 1960, 174: 2196-2199.
 
Sinderby C, Spahija J, Beck J, Kaminski D, Yan S, Comtois N, Sliwinski P, Diaphragm activation during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001 Jun; 163(7): 1637-1641.
 
Soley MH & Shock NW, Etiology of effort syndrome, Amer J Med Science 1938, 196: 840.
 
Speckmann E-J & Caspers H, The effect of O2- and CO2-tensions in the nervous tissue on neuronal activity and DC potentials, Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1974; 2C: 71-89.
 
Starling E & Lovatt EC, Principles of human physiology, 14-th ed., 1968, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
 
Stanley NN, Cunningham EL, Altose MD, Kelsen SG, Levinson RS, Cherniack NS, Evaluation of breath holding in hypercapnia as a simple clinical test of respiratory chemosensitivity, Thorax 1975 Jun; 30(3): 337-343.
 
Sterling GM, The mechanism of bronchoconstriction due to hypocapnia in man, Clin Sci 1968 Apr; 34(2): 277-285.
 
Straub NC, Section V, The Respiratory System, in Physiology, eds. RM Berne & MN Levy, 4-th edition, Mosby, St. Louis, 1998.
 
Tanabe Y, Hosaka Y, Ito M, Ito E, Suzuki K, Significance of end-tidal P(CO(2)) response to exercise and its relation to functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure, Chest 2001 Mar; 119(3): 811-817.
 
Tantucci C, Scionti L, Bottini P, Dottorini ML, Puxeddu E, Casucci G, Sorbini CA, Influence of autonomic neuropathy of different severities on the hypercapnic drive to breathing in diabetic patients, Chest. 1997 Jul; 112(1): 145-153.
 
Taskar V, Clayton N, Atkins M, Shaheen Z, Stone P, Woodcock A, Breath-holding time in normal subjects, snorers, and sleep apnea patients, Chest 1995 Apr; 107(4): 959-962.
 
Tavel ME, Hyperventilation syndrome - Hiding behind pseudonyms? Chest 1990; 97: 1285-1288.
 
Taylor AM, Keegan J, Jhooti P, Gatehouse PD, Firmin DN, Pennell DJ, Differences between normal subjects and patients with coronary artery disease for three different MR coronary angiography respiratory suppression techniques, J Magn Reson Imaging 1999 Jun; 9(6): 786-793.
 
Thorborg P, Jorfeldt L, Lofstrom JB, Lund N, Striated muscle tissue oxygenation and lactate levels during normo-, hyper- and hypocapnia. A study in the rabbit, Microcirc Endothelium Lymphatics 1988 Jun; 4(3): 205-229.
 
Vapalanti M & Troup H, Prognosis for patients with severe brain injuries, Br Med J 1971, 3: 404-407.
 
Waites TF, Hyperventilation - chronic and acute, Arch Intern Med 1978; 138: 1700-1701.
 
Wanamee P, Poppel JW, Glicksman AS, Randall HT, Roberts KE, Respiratory alkalosis in hepatic coma, Arch Intern Med 1956, 97: 762-767.
 
Winslow EJ, Loeb HS, Rahimtoola SH, Kamath S, Gunnar RM, Hemodynamic studies and results of therapy in 50 patients with bacteremic shock, Am J Med 1973, 54: 421-426.
 
Wirrel CW, Camfield PR, Gordon KE, Camfield CS, Dooley JM, and Hanna BD, Will a critical level of hypocapnia always induce an absence seizure? Epilepsia 1996; 37(5): 459-462.
 
Wood P, Da Costa's syndrome, The Brit Med J 1941, 1: 767.
 
Zandbergen J, Strahm M, Pols H, Griez EJ, Breath-holding in panic disorder, Compar Psychiatry 1992 Jan-Feb; 33(1): 47-51.

 

Information page

 

© 2008 Artour Rakhimov (If you copy the content of these pages for educational purposes, please, indicate the site address and author's name).