Homepage: Norms, rates, CP and body oxygenation
Table 1a. Western scientific evidence about prevalence of CHV
(chronic hyperventilation) in patients with heart disease.
*One row corresponds to one medical study/publication
| Condition | Minute ventilation |
Number of patients |
Prevalence of CHV |
References (click below for abstracts) |
| Normal breathing | 6 l/min | - | 0 % | Medical textbooks |
| Heart disease | 15 (±4) l/min | 22 | 100% | Dimopoulou et al, 2001 |
| Heart disease | 16 (±2) l/min | 11 | 100% | Johnson et al, 2000 |
| Heart disease | 12 (±3) l/min | 132 | 100% | Fanfulla et al, 1998 |
| Heart disease | 15 (±4) l/min | 55 | 100% | Clark et al, 1997 |
| Heart disease | 13 (±4) l/min | 15 | 100% | Banning et al, 1995 |
| Heart disease | 15 (±4) l/min | 88 | 100% | Clark et al, 1995 |
| Heart disease | 14 (±2) l/min | 30 | 100% | Buller et al, 1990 |
| Heart disease | 16 (±6) l/min | 20 | 100% | Elborn et al, 1990 |
References (in the same order)
Dimopoulou et al, 2001 (click on the name to read the abstract of the study)
Dimopoulou I, Tsintzas OK, Alivizatos PA, Tzelepis GE, Pattern of breathing during progressive exercise in chronic heart failure, Int J Cardiol. 2001 Dec; 81(2-3): p. 117-121.
Intensive Care Unit and Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
Johnson BD, Beck KC, Olson LJ, O'Malley KA, Allison TG, Squires RW, Gau GT, Ventilatory constraints during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure, Chest 2000 Feb; 117(2): p. 321-332.
Divisions of Cardiovascular, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Fanfulla F, Mortara , Maestri R, Pinna GD, Bruschi C, Cobelli F, Rampulla C, The development of hyperventilation in patients with chronic heart failure and Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Chest 1998; 114; p. 1083-1090.
Respiratory Function Laboratory, IRCCS, S. Maugeri Foundation, Montescano Medical Center, Pavia, Italy.
Clark AL, Volterrani M, Swan JW, Coats AJS, The increased ventilatory response to exercise in chronic heart failure: relation to pulmonary pathology, Heart 1997; 77: p.138-146.
Departnent of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.
Banning AP, Lewis NP, Northridge DB, Elbom JS, Henderson AH, Perfusion/ventilation mismatch during exercise in chronic heart failure: an investigation of circulatory determinants, Br Heart J 1995; 74: p.27-33.
Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
Clark AL, Chua TP, Coats AJ, Anatomical dead space, ventilatory pattern, and exercise capacity in chronic heart failure, Br Heart J 1995 Oct; 74(4): p. 377-380.
Departnent of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.
Buller NP, Poole-Wilson PA, Mechanism of the increased ventilatory response to exercise in patients with chronic heart failure, Heart 1990; 63; p.281-283.
The National Heart and Lung Institute and National Heart Hospital, London, UK.
Elborn JS, Riley M, Stanford CF, Nicholls DP, The effects of flosequinan on submaximal exercise in patients with chronic cardiac failure, Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1990 May; 29(5): p.519-524.
Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.