Bronchodilators, Most Potent and Safe Bronchodilator

Bronchodilators chart A bronchodilator is a chemical that is a relaxant of smooth muscles in airways. It dilates bronchi and bronchioles while improving air flow to alveoli and preventing bronchospasm. Bronchodilators are divided on endogenous bronchodilators (produced in the human body, like CO2 and nitric oxide), and medical drugs.

Chemical bronchodilators are highly toxic and include potent poisonous substances such as albuterol, bitolterol. ephedrine, isoetharine, isoproterenol, pirbuterol. racepinephrine, ritodrine, terbutaline and many others. For more details related to their toxicity, you can visit www.nih.gov (National Institute of Health in the USA): Bronchodilators.

These chemicals are used for treatment of asthma, COPD, bronchitis, cystic fibrosis and other respiratory conditions. However, these bronchodilators are generally unnecessary since most cases of acute bronchospasm, such as asthma attacks or exacerbations due to bronchitis, can be prevented using a simple natural remedy that addresses the cause of bronchospasm. The cause of bronchospasm can be found after analyzing this Table.

Minute ventilation rates (chronic diseases)

Condition	Minute ventilation	Number of people	All references or click below for abstracts
Normal breathing	6 l/min	-	Medical textbooks
Healthy Subjects	6-7 l/min	>400	Results of 14 studies
COPD	14 (±2) l/min	12	Palange et al, 2001
COPD	12 (±2) l/min	10	Sinderby et al, 2001
COPD	14 l/min	3	Stulbarg et al, 2001
Asthma	13 (±2) l/min	16	Chalupa et al, 2004
Asthma	15 l/min	8	Johnson et al, 1995
Asthma	14 (±6) l/min	39	Bowler et al, 1998
Asthma	13 (±4) l/min	17	Kassabian et al, 1982
Asthma	12 l/min	101	McFadden & Lyons, 1968
Cystic fibrosis	15 L/min	15	Fauroux et al, 2006
Cystic fibrosis	10 L/min	11	Browning et al, 1990
Cystic fibrosis*	10 L/min	10	Ward et al, 1999
CF and diabetes*	10 L/min	7	Ward et al, 1999
Cystic fibrosis	16 L/min	7	Dodd et al, 2006
Cystic fibrosis	18 L/min	9	McKone et al, 2005
Cystic fibrosis*	13 (±2) l/min	10	Bell et al, 1996
Cystic fibrosis	11-14 l/min	6	Tepper et al, 1983

Most Potent Bronchodilator

CO2 natural bronchodilator Low CO2 causes bronchospasm

Since people with these health problems breathe about 2 times more than the norm they have reduced levels of CO2 in airways and alveoli. CO2 is a very potent bronchodilator. It is possibly the most potent bronchodilator since CO2 is the most potent relaxant of smooth muscles of arteries or strongest known vasodilator. CO2 deficiency causes spasm of smooth muscles in airways and increased resistance and work of breathing. CO2 deficiency also promotes injury to lungs (see links to medical studies below) and tissue hypoxia (deficiency of oxygen in body cells) leading to immunosuppression, appearance of allergic reactions, and inability of the organism to eliminate chronic inflammation (also a proven medical fact).

Therefore, chemical bronchodilators can save lives of critically ill people, but there is no need to use them day after day. All 3 components of bronchospasm (spasm of smooth muscles, chronic inflammation and extra mucus due to irritation or allergic response) relate to hyperventilation or low CO2 levels in airways. Hence, an educated way to deal with bronchospasm is to increase CO2 levels in airways. Normal alveolar CO2 eliminates spasm of airways and improves oxygen delivery to body cells. One can apply easy breathing exercises for acute exacerbations that are freely provided on this site, instead of using chemical bronchodilators.

Reference Web Pages: Breathing norms, Medical Graphs and Tables about Breathing Rates (Minute Ventilation) and Body Oxygen in Healthy, Normal and Sick People
Breathing norms Parameters, graph, and description of the normal breathing pattern
6 breathing myths 6 myths about breathing and body oxygenation (prevalence: over 90%)
Hyperventilation Definitions of hyperventilation: their advantages and weak points
Hyperventilation Syndrome in the Sick. Table 1. Western scientific evidence about prevalence of CHV (chronic hyperventilation) in patients with various chronic conditions (34 medical studies)
Normal Minute Ventilation in Healthy Subjects: Easy and Light Breathing (14 Studies)
Hyperventilation Prevalence Present in Over 90% of Normal People (24 medical publications)
HV and hypoxia How and why deep breathing reduces oxygenation of cells and tissues of all vital organs
Body oxygen test How to measure your own breathing and body oxygenation (a simple DIY test)
Body oxygen in healthy Table 4. CP (body oxygen level) in healthy people (27 medical studies)
Body oxygen in sick Table 5. CP (body oxygen level) in sick people (14 medical studies)
Buteyko Table of Health Zones with clinical description of most common zones
Morning HV Morning hyperventilation effect or how and why critically ill people are most likely to die during early morning hours

References: CO2 Effects Web Pages
Vasodilation: CO2 expands arteries and arterioles facilitating perfusion (or blood supply) to all vital organs
The Bohr effect How and why oxygen is released by red blood cells in tissues
Cell Oxygen Levels and oxygen transport are controlled by alveolar CO2 and breathing
Oxygen Transport depends on breathing and these two effects (Vasoconstriction-Vasodilation and the Bohr effect) are parts of two diagrams that summarize influences of hypocapnia (low CO2 content in the blood and cells) on circulation and O2 delivery
Free Radical Generation takes place due to anaerobic cell respiration caused by cell hypoxia. Hence, antioxidant defenses of the human body are also regulated by CO2 and breathing
Inflammatory Response is controlled by breathing since hypoxia leads to or intensifies chronic inflammation through over-expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1, while normal breathing reduces these processes
Nerve stabilization takes place due to calmative or sedative effects of carbon dioxide in neurons or nerve cells
Muscle relaxation or relaxation of muscle cells is normal at high CO2, while hypocapnia causes muscular tension, poor posture and, sometimes, aggression and violence
Brochodilation - dilation of airways (bronchi and bronchioles) by carbon dioxide, and their constriction due to hypocapnia
Blood pH regulation and regulation of other bodily fluids
CO2: Lung Damage Healer: Elevated carbon dioxide prevents injury and promotes healing of lung tissues
CO2: Skin and Tissue Healer
Synthesis of Glutamine in the Brain, CO2 fixation, and other chemical reactions
CO2 myth "CO2 is a toxic waste gas" myth
Breathing control How is our breathing regulated? Why hypocapnia makes breathing uneven and erratic

Or go back to Symptoms of hyperventilation

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